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Line 14: − Absorptive capacity is a firm’s ability to identify, assimilate, transform, and apply valuable external knowledge. Put another way, absorptive capacity is a limit to the rate or quantity of scientific or technological information that a firm can absorb. Conceptually, it is similar to information processing theory, but at the firm level rather than the individual level. Absorptive capacity was introduced by Cohen and Levinthal in 1990.+ − Zahra and George (2002) extended the theory by specifying four distinct dimensions to absorptive capacity: acquisition, assimilation, transformation and exploitation. However, Todorova and Durisin (2007) seriously question Zahra and George's reconceptualization of absorptive capacity. − When absorption limits exist, they provide one explanation for firms to develop internal R&D capacities. R&D departments can not only conduct development along lines they are already familiar with, but they have formal training and external professional connections that make it possible for them to evaluate and incorporate externally generated technical knowledge into the firm. In other words, a partial explanation for R&D investments by firms is to work around the absorptive capacity constraint. − It is useful to note that almost all organizational literature, including Cohen and Levinthal’s (1989; 1990) original work, treats absorptive capacity as an organizational-level construct (Lane et al. 2006). Although absorptive capacity does have antecedents and consequences, it is not composed of a statement of relations among concepts within a set of assumptions and boundaries. Thus, absorptive <span class="plainlinks">[http://www.diamondlinks.net <span style="color:black;font-weight:normal; text-decoration:none!important; background:none!important; text-decoration:none;">link building service</span>] capacity is a construct, not a theory.+ − − Modified from: [http://economics.about.com/cs/economicsglossary/g/absorptive_cap.htm http://economics.about.com/cs/economicsglossary/g/absorptive_cap.htm]
Kellers Motivational Model (view source)
Revision as of 01:06, 2 September 2012
, 01:06, 2 September 2012→Concise description of theory
== Concise description of theory ==
== Concise description of theory ==
Originally designed to study how to effectively motivate learning. This theory is grounded in the Expectancy-value theory which purports that perceived success (expectancy) and perceived satisfaction of personal needs (value) drive motivation of an individual to perform an activity. Keller's ARCS Model believes that people will engage in an activity if they believe they will succeed at it and it will satisfy their personal needs. It consists of four factors that create and maintain motivation for learning in people and also strategies to achieve them.
Modified from: [https://sites.google.com/site/motivationataglanceischool/arcs-motivation-model http://www.learning-theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-motivational-design.html http://www.personal.psu.edu/hoh5021/kb/motivation.htm]
== Diagram/schematic of theory ==
== Diagram/schematic of theory ==